Very many of Sunderland's male population were freemasons in the late 18th century.
The coal trade was at the centre of Sunderland's economy throughout the 18th and 19th century.
The coal reserves nearest to the coast could not be reached before deep-mine technologies were developed early in the 19th century.
Well-preserved remains of limekilns on the north bank of the Wear, near the Stadium of Light.
The first Wearmouth Bridge is a Sunderland icon, commonly used to illustrate local pottery.
The remains of the old north pier jut out into the harbour between the river mouth and the much newer Roker pier.
Duchess Georgiana married the 5th duke of Devonshire in 1775.
In 1811, just short of his 21st birthday, William Spenser Cavendish (the 6th duke of Devonshire) inherited one of the largest landed estates in the
Although the Cavendishes divided their time between Derbyshire and London, they occupied rented houses until the 18th century, when the 2nd duke bu
Hardwick Timeline
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